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Haustoria of Cuscuta japonica, a Holoparasitic Flowering Plant, Are Induced by the Cooperative Effects of Far-Red Light and Tactile Stimuli
Authors:Tada  Yoshifumi; Sugai  Michizo; Furuhashi  Katsuhisa
Institution:1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University Niigata, 950-21 Japan
2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toyama University Toyama, 930 Japan
Abstract:When seedlings of Cuscuta japonica were grown with Vigna radiata(the host plant) in a flower pot for 6 d under white light andthen irradiated with far-red or blue light (ca. 6 µmolphotons m–2 s–1), the seedlings parasitized V. radiata.However, no parasitism of the seedlings was observed under redor white light or in darkness. The parasitic behavior of seedlingsof C. japonica was observed even if an acrylic rod was usedas a substitute for the host plant. Upon incubation under far-redlight, the seedling twined tightly around the rod and developedhaustoria towards it. Haustoria also developed when apical andsubapical regions of seedlings were held between two glass platesthat were about 0.7 mm apart and were irradiated with far-redlight. However, no haustoria were induced by either the holdor irradiation alone. These results indicate that parasitismof Cuscuta japonica is controlled by the cooperative effectsof two physical signals, far-red light and appropriate tactilepressure. Our findings suggest that parasitism by the genusCuscuta involves a novel strategy. (Received April 10, 1996; Accepted August 21, 1996)
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