细胞外囊泡检测分析方法研究进展

细胞外囊泡是真核细胞和原核细胞共有的细胞间信号传递的重要媒介。细胞外囊泡可以传递蛋白质、脂质和核酸,影响供体细胞和受体细胞的生理学、病生理学功能。细胞外囊泡存在于多种体液中,当前已在血液、尿液、唾液、母乳、羊水、脑脊液、胆汁等体液中鉴定到细胞外囊泡的存在。这些体液很多是临床检测的样本,因此体液中含有的细胞外囊泡可能成为鉴定临床疾病的标志物,这引起了科研人员的极大兴趣。该综述重点关注了不同体液样品中细胞外囊泡的功能,并且针对临床样本和细胞外囊泡结构的特殊性,综述了样品收集、储存、检测等标准流程研究,为临床医生和科学家在细胞外囊泡研究中提供指引。

Research Progress in Extracellular Vesicles Detection and Analysis

Intercellular communication by dynamic extracellular vesicular compartment is a process conserved in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.Compelling evidence supports the significance of extracellular vesicles that carry proteins,lipids or nucleic acid,in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes.Extracellular vesicles are identified in various body fluids,including blood,urine,saliva,breast milk,amniotic fluid,cerebrospinal fluid and bile,which make this compartment great candidates for biomarkers in disease diagnosis.Here in this review,we addressed the molecular contents and functions of extracellular vesicles in various body fluids.We also reviewed the standard methods for clinical sample collection,storage,handling and quality control for purification of extracellular vesicle to ensure the reliable sources for research.