Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of Mytilus edulis fatty acids on adjuvant-induced arthritis in male Wistar rats |
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| Authors: | Sarah McPhee Lynn D Hodges Paul FA Wright Paul M Wynne Nicolette Kalafatis Theodore A Macrides |
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| Institution: | 1. Biosciences Research Division, Department of Primary Industries, 1 Park Dr, Bundoora Victoria 3083, Australia;2. La Trobe University, Bundoora Victoria 3083, Australia;3. Fisheries Victoria, Department of Primary Industries, Private Bag 20, Alexandra, Victoria 3714, Australia;1. Department of Neurosurgery, Third State Central Hospital, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Bio-Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;3. Department of Medical Service, Songinokhairkhan District Health Center, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;4. Department of Adult Pathology, National Center for Pathology of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia;5. Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan;6. Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan;7. Department of Parasitology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Lipid-rich fractions from the flesh tissue of Mytilus edulis were obtained by solvent extraction and chromatographic separation, and tested for anti-inflammatory (AI) activity in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of leukotriene production by isolated human neutrophils in response to calcium ionophore stimulation in the presence of exogenous arachidonic acid substrate was demonstrated for the hydrolysed triglyceride fraction of the crude lipid extract. This fraction was subsequently tested for in vivo AI activity using the mycobacterial adjuvant-induced polyarthritis rat model. The hydrolysed triglyceride fraction showed significant AI activity when dosed therapeutically (10 mg/kg BW/day, p.o., for 6 days from the onset of arthritis), decreasing body weight loss by 55% and hind paw swelling by 65% compared to the arthritic control. The (non-hydrolysed) crude lipid extract was effective when dosed prophylactically (30 mg/kg BW/day, p.o., for 16 days starting on day ?2 of arthritigen inoculation). Structural analysis by GC and GC–MS revealed in the extracts an abundance of EPA (20:5n-3) and DHA (22:6n-3) (37% of total fatty acids), along with a small quantity of a rare anti-inflammatory n-3 analogue of arachidonic acid, namely 7, 11, 14, 17-eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-3). |
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