Ginkgo biloba Extracts EGb 761 and Bilobalide Increase NADH Dehydrogenase mRNA Level and Mitochondrial Respiratory Control Ratio in PC12 Cells |
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Authors: | Elisabetta A Tendi Francesca Bosetti S Fenella DasGupta Anna Maria Giuffrida Stella Katy Drieu Stanley I Rapoport |
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Institution: | (1) Brain Physiology and Metabolism Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892;(2) Section of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;(3) IHB-IPSEN, 75781 Paris, France |
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Abstract: | In the present study, we investigated the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, and one of its components, bilobalide, on gene expression of subunit 1 of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (ND1) in PC12 cells. By Northern blot analysis we found a 2-fold significant increase in ND1 mRNA level, after 48 and 72 h exposure to 100 g/ml EGb 761 and to 10 g/ml bilobalide. We also evaluated, by oxygraphy measurements, mitochondrial respiration during state 3 and state 4. In cells treated with EGb 761 and bilobalide for 48 and 72 h, state 4 respiration was significantly decreased, and the respiratory control ratio was increased. These results provide evidence that EGb 761 and bilobalide exert their protective effects by up-regulating mitochondrial ND1 gene expression and by decreasing state 4 respiration, whose increase is thought to be responsible for oxidative damage. |
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Keywords: | Ginkgo biloba EGb 761 bilobalide PC12 cells NADH dehydrogenase mitochondria respiration |
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