The “love–hate” relationship between osteoclasts and bone matrix |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Emergency, Cangzhou City Central Hospital Brain Campus, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, China;2. Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou City Central Hospital, Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou 061000, China;1. Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Switzerland;2. Department Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States;3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Bern, Switzerland;4. Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;5. Department of Oral Surgery, Clinical Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan;1. Center for Biomaterials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;4. Advanced Analysis Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Osteoclasts are unique cells that destroy the mineralized matrix of the skeleton. There is a “love–hate” relationship between the osteoclasts and the bone matrix, whereby the osteoclast is stimulated by the contact with the matrix but, at the same time, it disrupts the matrix, which, in turn, counteracts this disruption by some of its components. The balance between these concerted events brings about bone resorption to be controlled and to contribute to bone tissue integrity and skeletal health. The matrix components released by osteoclasts are also involved in the local regulation of other bone cells and in the systemic control of organismal homeostasis. Disruption of this regulatory loop causes bone diseases, which may end up with either reduced or increased bone mass, often associated with poor bone quality. Expanding the knowledge on osteoclast-to-matrix interaction could help to counteract these diseases and improve the human bone health. In this article, we will present evidence of the physical, molecular and regulatory relationships between the osteoclasts and the mineralized matrix, discussing the underlying mechanisms as well as their pathologic alterations and potential targeting. |
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