B cells as under-appreciated mediators of non-auto-immune inflammatory disease |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, CHoR Pavilion, 5th Floor, 1000 East Broad Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0225, USA;2. Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Hall, Room 4-115A, 1112 East Clay Street, Richmond, VA 23298-0263, USA;3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, P.O. Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;1. Departamento de Química General, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla;2. Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla;3. Departamento de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla;4. Departamento de Biología y Toxicología de la reproducción, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla;1. Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75475 Paris, France;2. INSERM U1151, CNRS UMR 8253, INEM Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France;1. VA Medical Center Sacramento, CA, USA;2. Division of Rheumatology, Allergy & Clinical Immunology, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA;1. Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;2. Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada |
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| Abstract: | B lymphocytes play roles in many auto-immune diseases characterized by unresolved inflammation, and B cell ablation is proving to be a relatively safe, effective treatment for such diseases. B cells function, in part, as important sources of regulatory cytokines in auto-immune disease, but B cell cytokines also play roles in other non-auto-immune inflammatory diseases. B cell ablation may therefore benefit inflammatory disease patients in addition to its demonstrated efficacy in auto-immune disease. Current ablation drugs clear both pro- and anti-inflammatory B cell subsets, which may unexpectedly exacerbate some pathologies. This possibility argues that a more thorough understanding of B cell function in human inflammatory disease is required to safely harness the clinical promise of B cell ablation. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and periodontal disease (PD) are two inflammatory diseases characterized by little autoimmunity. These diseases are linked by coincident presentation and alterations in toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent B cell cytokine production, which may identify B cell ablation as a new therapy for co-affected individuals. Further analysis of the role B cells and B cell cytokines play in T2D, PD and other inflammatory diseases is required to justify testing B cell depletion therapies on a broader range of patients. |
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