Genetic profile of the locally developed Meatmaster sheep breed in South Africa based on microsatellite analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, P/Bag 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa;2. Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Nelson Mandela Ave, Bloemfontein, 9300, Free State, South Africa;3. National Zoological Gardens of South Africa, PO Box 754, Tshwane, 0001, South Africa;4. Agricultural Research Council, P/Bag X2, Irene, 0062, South Africa;1. Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;2. Grootfontein Agricultural Development Institute, Private Bag X529, Middelburg, EC 5900, South Africa;1. Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China;2. Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China;3. Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya''an, Sichuan 625014, China;4. Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing 100083, China;5. Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu 610066, China;1. Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, v.v.i., 250 68, ?e?, Czech Republic;2. Technische Universität München, ZWE-FRM II, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747, Garching, Germany;3. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials, Kaiserstr. 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany;1. Physiology Weihenstephan, ZIEL, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany;2. Department of Animal Sciences, Animal Nutrition, Technische Universitaet Muenchen, Hochfeldweg 6, 85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This report is on the development and genetic distinctiveness of the Meatmaster, a locally developed South African composite sheep breed. Genotypes of 175 Meatmaster sheep were compared to genotypes of 242 individuals from six putative parent breeds and an outgroup. All comparisons were based on 10 microsatellite loci. No significant breed-specific alleles were found for the Meatmaster or most of the parental breeds. Nevertheless, a Bayesian-based assignment test placed 69.4% of Meatmaster individuals in clusters distinct from the well-defined breed-specific clusters of the parent breeds. Population differentiation from RST values showed low differentiation among the four Meatmaster populations (0.004–0.028), higher values for pair-wise combinations of Meatmaster populations and the parent breeds (0.051–0.194), and the highest values among Meatmaster populations and the outgroup: Namakwa Afrikaner (0.237–0.301). Clustering in a dendrogram placed all Meatmaster populations in distinct clusters with strong bootstrap support (97%). Trends from a hierarchical analysis of total variation confirmed some distinctiveness in the Meatmaster, with 2.315% of total variation found among Meatmaster populations compared to 11.455% among breeds. High levels of heterozygosity and numbers of alleles in Meatmaster populations indicated good retention of genetic diversity during the potential bottleneck created by selection in its early history. Results are discussed with reference to genetic distinctiveness in this developing breed, the genetic contribution of the Damara as a common ancestor, conservation of genetic diversity and an application for future genetic management for the Meatmaster breed. |
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