Cerebrocellular Swelling in the Presence of Uraemic Guanidino Compounds: Ameliorative Effects of Taurine |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">R?O?LawEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Medical and Social Care Education, University of Leicester, UK;(2) Present address: Department of Preclinical Sciences, University of Leicester, UK |
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Abstract: | Cell volumes (equilibrium non-inulin spaces) have been measured in slices of rat cerebral cortex incubated in the presence
of uraemic guanidino compounds. Of 5 guanidino compounds tested, all but one caused significant cell swelling. This was most
pronounced for guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA, 40 μmol/l)(+22%) and guanidine hydrochloride (G, 3 μmol/l)(+13%). Swelling was
reduced by taurine in a dose-dependent manner, being completely abolished at 20 mmol/l. Swelling was also abolished by the
antioxidants ascorbic acid (0.4 mmol/l) and butylated hydroxytoluene (0.5 mmol/l), the free radical scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (10 mmol/l) and the lipid peroxidase inhibitor desmethyl tirilazad (100 μmol/l). The remission of swelling by 20 mmol/l
taurine was reduced by 50% by the taurine transport inhibitor guanidinoethylsulphonate (GES, 1 mmol/l). This figure was not
significantly altered when the concentration of GES was increased to 10 mmol/l. It was also reduced by 45% by the GABAa receptor antagonist bicuculline (100 μmol/l). It was completely abolished when both GES and bicuculline were present. It
is suggested that guanidino compounds result in cells undergoing oxidative-nitrosative stress, and that taurine protects against
the resultant cell swelling by 2 mechanisms One (intracellular) requires taurine transport and depends on its role as an antioxidant,
with lipid peroxidation being probably a significant factor. The other (extracellular) is associated with activation of GABAa receptors.
Special issue dedicated to Simo S. Oja |
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Keywords: | Cell volume cerebrocortical slices guanidino compounds oxidative-nitrosative stress taurine |
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