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ChBac3.4: A Novel Proline-Rich Antimicrobial Peptide from Goat Leukocytes |
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| Authors: | Olga Shamova Dmitriy Orlov Christin Stegemann Patricia Czihal Ralf Hoffmann Kim Brogden Nikolay Kolodkin Galina Sakuta Alessandro Tossi Hans-Georg Sahl Vladimir Kokryakov Robert I Lehrer |
| Institution: | 1. Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Experimental Medicine of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, St-Petersburg, Russia 2. Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany 3. Department of Periodontics, Dows Institute for Dental Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA 4. Research Institute of Pure Biochemicals, St-Petersburg, Russia 5. Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, St-Petersburg, Russia 6. Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy 7. Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology – Pharmaceutical Microbiology Section, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany 8. David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA |
| Abstract: | We isolated a new proline-rich peptide, ChBac3.4, from leukocytes of the goat (Capra hirca) and determined its amino acid sequence by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry. ChBac3.4 (RFRLPFRRPPIRIHPPPFYPPFRRFL–NH2) had over 50% sequence identity to the Bac5 peptides found in the leukocytes of goats, sheep and cattle. ChBac3.4 exhibited broadspectrum antimicrobial activity, especially under low salt conditions. Since E. coli ML35p treated with ChBac3.4 manifested increased outer and inner membrane permeability and a rapid and extensive loss of cytoplasmic potassium, the antimicrobial properties of this peptide may depend, in part, on its ability to damage microbial membranes. Nevertheless, even high concentrations of ChBac3.4 were not significantly hemolytic for human erythrocytes. In vitro, ChBac3.4 was selectively cytotoxic, damaging human K562 erythroleukemia cells and human U937 hystiocytic lymphoma cells, but not other human target cells. ChBac3.4 appears to differ from other proline-rich cathelicidins in virtue of its increased ability to damage microbial membranes. This novel antimicrobial peptide warrants further study, especially with respect to its various effects on microbial and mammalian cells. An erratum to this article can be found at |
| Keywords: | Proline-rich antimicrobial peptide Goat leukocytes Innate immunity |
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