Nordic Walking Improves Cardiometabolic Parameters,Fitness Performance,and Quality of Life in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy;2. Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy;3. Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy;4. IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy;5. Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy;6. Department of Human and Social Science, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo assess the effect of Nordic walking (NW) on cardiometabolic health, physical performance, and well-being in sedentary older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsFifteen subjects with T2D (female, 5; male, 10; age, 65 ± 6.2 years [mean ± standard deviation]; body mass index, 27.3 ± 4.9 kg/m2 [mean ± standard deviation]) were enrolled in a 6-month NW training program. The fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, lipid profile (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressures were measured before and after the intervention. Participants’ quality of life (Short-Form Health Survey) and physical fitness (6-minute walking test) were also evaluated.ResultsCompared with baseline, NW significantly improved the fasting glucose level (103.5 ± 18.5 vs 168.7 ± 37.7 mg/dL, P = .01), SBP (121.8 ± 12.2 vs 133 ± 14.4 mm Hg, P = .02), physical fitness (759.88 ± 69 vs 615.5 ± 62.6 m, P < .001), and both mental health (54.5 ± 4.4 vs 45.7 ± 5.6, P < .01) and physical health (49.8 ± 4.7 vs 40.3 ± 5.9, P < .01). The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (6.15% ± 0.8% vs 6.4% ± 1%, P = .46), total cholesterol (162.2 ± 31.2 vs 175.5 ± 28.8 mg/dL, P = .13), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95.2 ± 24.2 vs 106.3 ± 32.3 mg/dL, P = .43), and triglycerides (135.5 ± 60.8 vs 127.6 ± 57.4 mg/dL, P = 0.26) improved without reaching significance.ConclusionNW training improved the glycemic levels, SBP, physical fitness, and perception of quality of life in older adults with T2D. NW represents a suitable complementary strategy to improve the global health status in this population. |
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| Keywords: | exercise cardiovascular metabolic diseases glycemia mental health diabetes treatment BP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" blood pressure DBP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" diastolic blood pressure HbA1c" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" glycosylated hemoglobin HDL-C" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" high-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0085" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" low-density lipoprotein cholesterol NW" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0095" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Nordic walking PA" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0105" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" physical activity SBP" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0115" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" systolic blood pressure SF-12" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0125" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey 6MWT" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0135" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" 6-minute walking test TC" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0145" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" total cholesterol TG" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0155" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" triglyceride T2D" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0165" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" type 2 diabetes |
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