不同施肥处理杜鹃红山茶N、P、K元素的DRIS营养诊断

对杜鹃红山茶(Camellia azalea)苗期生长大量营养元素进行诊断，为指导杜鹃红山茶苗木科学施肥和高效培育提供依据。以杜鹃红山茶0.5 年生嫁接苗为材料，用 N、P、K 三元二次正交旋转组合设计进行施肥试验，以处理12个月后嫁接苗N、P、K元素含量为依据，采用P/N、K/N、P/K作为诊断指标，计算相应系数并用诊断施肥综合法(DRIS)和指数法对N、P、K需求关系进行分析。杜鹃红山茶P和N元素含量最佳比值为0.074±0.108；K和N元素含量最佳比值为0.509±0.500；P和K元素含量最佳比值为0.148±0.090，建立杜鹃红山茶DRIS营养诊断指数表。杜鹃红山茶对N肥和K肥的反应比P肥更为敏感，栽培管理中应多施用N肥和K肥，促进苗木生长。

The DRIS Nutrient Diagnosis Analysis of N,P, K in Camellia azalea Under Different Fertilization Proportions

To provide theoretical basis for field management and rational fertilization of Camellia azalea, the macro-elements of seedlings were diagnosed on the nursery stage. The fertilization test was carried out by the quadratic orthogonal rotational combination design with three factors using six-month-old grafted seedlings. After 12 months treatment, the concentrations of N, P and K in grafted seedlings were determined. P/N, K/N, and P/K were calculated and used as diagnostic indicators to calculate the coefficient of variance, and then evaluated the demands of N, P and K using diagnosis recommendation of integrated system (DRIS) and index method. The result showed the optimum ration of elements P/N, K/N, P/K in C. azalea was 0.074±0.108, 0.509±0.500, 0.148±0.090, respectively. The result showed system (DRIS) dynastic indicated C. azalea was established, and the response of C. azalea on N and K fertilizers was more sensitive than that on P fertilizer. Therefore, more N and K fertilizers should be applied during culture of C. azalea seedlings to promote the growth status.