香椿优树子代早期生长差异分析及初步选择

来自12个种源的70个香椿(Toona sinensis)优树子代在福建省永春县和华安县进行造林测定试验，调查2年生香椿优树子代测定林生长情况。结果表明，华安2年生香椿优树子代树高1.10～2.80 m，地径1.24～3.72 cm，永春2年生香椿优树子代树高0.91～2.71 m，地径1.18～3.68 cm，华安和永春两个试验点内不同香椿家系的树高和地径差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。华安试验点树高和地径的变异系数分别为20.22%和23.68%，初步选出6个早期生长表现优秀的家系，平均树高和地径分别为2.55 m和3.44 cm，平均遗传增益分别为23.70%和30.16%；永春试验点树高和地径的变异系数分别为26.44%和26.48%，初步选出19个早期生长表现优秀的家系，平均树高和地径分别为2.52 m和3.34 cm，平均遗传增益分别为25.07%和24.96%。通过树高和地径的聚类分析与生长比较，70个参试家系可分为优、良、中、差和极差5个类别。综合2个试验点生长表现，初步认定4号、23号、53号和65号等4个家系为优良家系。

Analysis and Preliminary Selection of Plus Tree Progeny Plantation of Toona Sinensis

An afforestation experiment of Toona sinensis containing 70 families from 12 provenances was conducted in Yongchun and Hua’an, Fujian Province. The investigation on two-year-old T. sinensis superior progeny test forest was carried. The results showed that the height and ground diameter of the progeny of 2-year-old T. sinensis in Hua’an were 1.10—2.80 m and 1.24—3.72 cm, respectively, and the height and ground diameter of the progeny of 2-year-old T. sinensis in Yongchun were 0.91—2.71 m and 1.18—3.68 cm, respectively. The difference of tree height and ground diameter between different Chinese toon families in Hua’an and Yongchun experimental sites reached a very significant level (P<0.01). The variation coefficients of tree height and ground diameter at Hua’an test site were 20.22% and 23.68%, respectively. Six families with excellent early growth performance were preliminarily selected, and their average tree height and ground diameter were 2.55 m and 3.44 cm, respectively. The average genetic gains were 23.70% and 30.16%, respectively. The variation coefficients of tree height and ground diameter at Yongchun test site were 26.44% and 26.48%, respectively. Nineteen families with excellent early growth performance were preliminarily selected. The average tree height and ground diameter were 2.52 m and 3.34 cm, respectively. The average genetic gains were 25.07% and 24.96%, respectively. Based on cluster analysis and growth comparison of height and ground diameter of superior progenies of T. sinensis, 70 families were divided into five categories: superior, superior, medium, inferior and extreme. Based on the growth performance of two experimental sites, four families, No. 4, No. 23, No. 53 and No. 65, were preliminarily identified as excellent families.