哈克地区全新世生态环境演变与人类文化的发展轨迹

哈克遗址是呼伦贝尔地区一处重要的细石器遗址,对划分和确立东北地区细石器文化的类型及其渊源具有重要的价值。遗址位于海拉尔河东、北、南三面环绕而形成的半封闭式高平台小岛上,自下而上基本存在着四个时期的文化堆积,其中,包含细石器文化遗存的堆积物的厚度最大。岩性、岩相、碳酸钙含量检测和植物孢粉分析等方面的综合信息表明,全新世以来地层垂直沉积和气候变迁波动是同步发展的。人类依环境优劣而留居或迁徙,其文化发展从早到晚经历了新石器、辽至蒙元、明清时期的历史演变,变化始终伴随着气候的波动,表现出以适应为特征的生存与繁衍轨迹。

Environmental Changes and Human Movements in the Hake Area During Holocene

The Hake site located in the Hulunbeier area is a typical microlithic site and therefore is of great importance in discussing microlithic cultures and their origin in North China.The site is situated on a half-enclosed island,surrounded by the Hailaer River to the east,north and south.The deposits of this site are divided into four cultural layers,with the microlithic layer being the thickest.A comprehensive analysis of the archaeological deposit indicates that the process of deposition corresponds with modern climatic changes,and thus the development of this culture is in consistent with climatic change,which provides an example of the human survival strategy of adaptation.