用微卫星标记分析皱纹盘鲍群体的遗传变异

利用微卫星标记技术, 对皱纹盘鲍山东长岛和辽宁獐子岛的两个野生群体以及山东崆峒岛一个养殖群体的遗传变异进行了分析。对6个微卫星基因座的多态性进行了评估, 各基因座的多态信息含量(PIC)值均大于0.5, 适合对鲍群体遗传结构的分析。结果表明, 这6个基因座在3个皱纹盘鲍群体中共获得57个等位基因, 等位基因数(A)平均为9.50, 有效等位基因数(N_e)平均为5.8572, 平均杂合度观测值(H_o)和期望值(^H_e)分别为0.6925和0.7966; 两个野生群体的杂合度观测值(H_o)和期望值(H_e)均高于养殖群体。上述结果为保护和利用皱纹盘鲍的遗传多样性提供了依据。

Analysis of Genetic Variation of Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) Populations with Microsatellite Markers

Microsatellite markers were used to access the genetic variation in three populations of abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Two wild populations were collected from the sea areas in Changdao, Shandong and Dalian, Liaoning respectively. A cultivated population originated from the sea area in Kongdongdao, Shangdong. Six microsatellite loci were screened for genetic polymorphism. Polymorphic information content (PIC) value per loci was greater than 0.5 and can be used to analysis of genetic structure of the three abalone populations. Fifty-seven alleles were amplified from the three populations in six microsatellite loci. The average number of alleles (A) was 9.50 and the effective number of alleles (Ne) was 5.8572. The mean observed heterozygosity (Ho) and the mean expected heterozygosity (He) were 0.6925 and 0.7966, respectively. The Ho and He of two wild abalone populations were higher than that of cultured population. All these results provide a basis for conservation and utilization of genetic diversity of Haliotis discus hannai.