增加降水及大气氮沉降对黄淮海平原弃耕地地表节肢动物的影响

作为全球变化的重要驱动因子,日益频繁且不断加剧的降水格局变化及大气氮沉降正在对我们赖以生存的陆地生态系统造成重要影响.然而,过去关于全球变化对陆地生态系统影响的研究主要集中于地上植物群落,而对于土壤动物,特别是地表节肢动物的研究相对较少.本文采用控制试验的方法,研究增加降水及氮沉降对我国黄淮海平原弃耕地生态系统地表节肢动物的影响.结果表明: 增加降水使地表节肢动物的数量显著增加了66.9%,使整个群落的类群数显著增加了27.8%.氮沉降对地表节肢动物的种群密度及类群数均无影响,但显著增加了群落中蚁科动物的数量,显著降低了跳虫的数量.本研究结果表明,降水格局的变化是驱动中国北方平原弃耕地生态系统地表节肢动物群落结构变化的重要因子,其影响机制主要是通过影响土壤湿度及植物生长实现的.

Effects of increased precipitation and nitrogen deposition on ground-active arthropods in an old-field of Huanghuaihai Plain.

As the important driving factors of global change, changing precipitation and nitrogen (N) deposition play a key role in affecting our terrestrial ecosystem. However, most previous stu-dies focused on the aboveground plant community. The soil fauna, especially the ground-active arthropods were poorly understood. Using field manipulative experiment, this paper studied the effects of increased precipitation and N deposition on the soil ground-active arthropods in an old-field ecosystem of the Huanghuihai Plain. The results showed that the increased precipitation significantly enhanced the soil arthropods population density and the number of groups by 66.9% and 27.8%, respectively. Nitrogen deposition had minor effect on soil arthropods population density and number of groups, but significantly increased the formicidae and decreased the collembolans. Our results indicated the changing precipitation was the more important factor than the N deposition to restructure the soil surface arthropod community by increasing soil moisture and stimulating plant growth in the old-field of north China plain.