Na2CO3胁迫下甜菜幼苗根际土壤环境因子的变化及其相关性

以两个甜菜品种‘KWS0143’(耐盐碱性强)和‘Beta464’(耐盐碱性较弱)为对象,设置4个Na₂CO₃浓度处理占土壤质量的0%(CK)、0.4%、0.8%和1.2%],采用盆栽方法研究甜菜幼苗时期植株干质量、根际土壤酶活性和微生物数量的变化.结果表明: 与对照相比,0.4%处理的植株干质量明显增加,而0.8%和1.2%处理显著受到抑制,且处理间差异显著. 不同处理下甜菜幼苗根际土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性表现出相似的变化规律,0.4%处理酶活性较对照有所增加但不显著;0.8%和1.2%处理则显著降低了酶活性,同时‘KWS0143’的土壤酶活性均高于‘Beta464’.与对照相比,0.4%处理土壤微生物群落没有显著变化;0.8%和1.2%处理的根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量显著减少,且‘KWS0143’的根际微生物数量高于‘Beta464’.两品种植株干质量、土壤酶和土壤微生物之间呈显著正相关;通径分析表明,‘KWS0143’植株干质量决定系数表现为:放线菌>细菌>过氧化氢酶>脲酶>真菌>碱性磷酸酶,‘Beta464’表现为:放线菌>过氧化氢酶>脲酶>真菌>碱性磷酸酶>细菌.

Variation of rhizosphere environmental factors of sugarbeet seedlings under Na2CO3 stress and their correlation

To study the effect of saline-alkali stress on dry mass, rhizosphere soil enzyme activities and soil microbial quantities, pot experiments were designed two sugar beet varieties, ‘KWS0143’ (strong tolerance to saline-alkali) and ‘Beta464’ (weak tolerance to saline-alkali) planted in different Na₂CO₃ concentrations 0% (control), 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2% of soil], and the dry mass of seedlings,soil enzyme activities and amount of microbiology in soil were recorded. The results showed that compared with the control, the dry mass of seedlings was significantly increased in the treatment of 0.4% Na₂CO₃, while it was significantly decreased in the 0.8% and 1.2% Na₂CO₃ treatments. Significant differences among treatments were observed. The soil urease, alkali phosphatase and peroxidase activities in the root rhizosphere of seedlings presented a similar tendency under different concentrations of Na₂CO₃. Compared with the control, the enzyme activities with the treatment 0.4% Na₂CO₃ were not significantly enhanced, while those in the treatment of 0.8% and 1.2% Na₂CO₃ were significantly reduced. All the soil enzymes’ activities in ‘KWS0143 were higher than in ‘Beta464’. The 0.4% Na₂CO₃ did not lead to significant change of soil microbial community, but 0.8% and 1.2% Na₂CO₃ sharply decreased the amount of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycets (P<0.05). The amount of rhizosphere soil microbe in ‘KWS0143’ was higher than in ‘Beta464’. There were significantly positive correlation among the dry mass, soil enzymes and soil microbe of the two varietie. Path coefficient analysis showed the determinant coefficient of ‘KWS0143’ dry mass was in order of sctinomycetes > bacteria > peroxidase > urease > fungi > alkali phosphatase, while that ‘Beta464’ dry mass was in order of actinomycetes > peroxidase > urease > fungi > alkali phosphatase > bacteria.