烟蒜轮作与套作对烤烟产量及根际土壤磷组分的影响

通过大田小区试验，研究烟蒜轮作、套作对烤烟产量和土壤不同形态磷的影响.结果表明： 烟蒜轮作、套作下烤烟产量和上中等烟比例较烤烟单作显著提高，下部叶成熟期根际土壤有效磷含量分别是烤烟单作的1.3和1.7倍.不同种植方式根际和非根际土壤无机磷组分含量均以O-P和Fe-P含量最高，Ca₂-P和Al-P次之，Ca₈-P和Ca₁₀ -P含量最低.与烤烟单作和烟蒜套作处理相比，烟蒜轮作在上部叶成熟期根际土壤Ca₂-P含量最低，Ca₈-P在下部叶成熟期含量最低，Ca₁₀-P含量在中部叶成熟期最低.烟蒜轮作和套作在下部叶成熟期和中部叶成熟期根际土壤Al-P含量分别是烤烟单作的1.6和1.9倍、1.2和1.9倍.烟蒜轮作和套作根际土壤O-P含量均显著低于烤烟单作.烟蒜轮作较烟蒜套作更能活化土壤中难溶的O-P、Ca₁₀-P和高稳性有机磷，提高烤烟产量和中上等烟比例.

Effects of tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping on tobacco yield and rhizosphere soil phosphorus fractions.

A field plot experiment was conducted to investigate the tobacco yield and different forms of soil phosphorus under tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping patterns. The results showed that compared with tobacco monoculture, the tobacco yield and proportion of middle/high class of tobacco leaves to total leaves were significantly increased in tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping, and the rhizosphere soil available phosphorus contents were 1.3 and 1.7 times as high as that of tobacco monoculture at mature stage of lower leaf. For the inorganic phosphorus in rhizos phere and non-rhizosphere soil in different treatments, the contents of O-P and Fe-P were the highest, followed by Ca₂-P and Al-P, and Ca₈-P and Ca₁₀-P were the lowest. Compared with tobacco monoculture and tobacco garlic crop intercropping, the Ca₂-P concentration in rhizosphere soil under tobacco garlic crop rotation at mature stage of upper leaf, the Ca₈-P concentration at mature stage of lower leaf, and the Ca₁₀-P concentration at mature stage of middle leaf were lowest. The Al-P concentrations under tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping were 1.6 and 1.9 times, and 1.2 and 1.9 times as much as that under tobacco monoculture in rhizosphere soil at mature stages of lower leaf and middle leaf, respectively. The O P concentrations in rhizosphere soil under tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping were significantly lower than that under tobacco monoculture. Compared with tobacco garlic crop intercropping, the tobacco garlic crop rotation could better improve tobacco yield and the proportion of high and middle class leaf by activating O-P, Ca₁₀-P and resis tant organic phosphorus in soil.