Use of doubled haploids in maize breeding: implications for intellectual property protection and genetic diversity in hybrid crops |
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Authors: | J S C Smith T Hussain E S Jones G Graham D Podlich S Wall M Williams |
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Institution: | (1) Pioneer Hi-Bred, A DuPont Business, 7300 NW 62nd Ave., Johnston, IA 50131, USA;(2) DuPont Crop Genetics Research, Experimental Station Bldg. 353, Rt. 141 & Henry Clay, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA |
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Abstract: | Through the concerted use of doubled haploidy (DH), molecular markers and off-season nurseries, maize (Zea mays L.) breeders have unprecedented capabilities to quickly and precisely create progeny with desired levels of similarity to
either parents of a commercial hybrid. Genotypic data from both simulated and from actual populations created either by single
seed descent or through doubled haploidy were examined for the initial and subsequent generations. Simulation data showed
that DH progeny inherited larger blocks of parental chromosomes; approximately seven out of 10 chromosomes had intact segments
of 50% or greater. By the third DH generation progeny can be selected that are more than 90% similar to either parent of the
initial commercial hybrid. Actual marker data from the initial DH generation showed a maximum parental contribution of 88.4%
compared to 78.7% for progeny developed by single seed descent (SSD). The number of intact chromosomes was higher among DH
progeny than among progeny bred by SSD. Use of DH facilitates access to germplasm that is already present in commercial maize
hybrids. Available technologies coupled with the intellectual property protection regime will influence decisions made by
plant breeders in the balance of exotic compared to well-adapted germplasm they choose to access for further cycles. |
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Keywords: | Doubled haploid Intellectual property protection Molecular marker Plant variety protection Recombinant inbred line Single seed descent |
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