Ethylene production and involvement during the first steps of durum wheat (Triticum durum) anther culture |
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Authors: | Robert Sé venier,Marc Coumans |
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Affiliation: | Lab. de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales Appliquées, EA 728, c.c. 002, Univ. Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. |
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Abstract: | The role of ethylene in anther culture of durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf. cv. Ardente) was analyzed by testing the effects of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethrel) silver thiosulfate (Ag+), a -aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) on microspore division observed after 21 days of culture and on development of calli estimated at day 45. The use of ethrel and Ag+ indicated a positive effect of ethylene on microspore division, whereas the use of AOA, and to a lesser extent ACC, snowed a negative effect. In contrast, the addition of ethrel or Ag+ indicated that ethylene inhibits the development of microspore-derived calli. AOA gave contradictory results. Ethylene production by anthers was about 7 pl anther−1h−1 and decreased during culture. ACC content in the anthers was maximal at day 9, whereas malonyl ACC (MACC) increased sharply from day 0 to day 3 and then decreased. The addition of AOA or ACC to the culture medium decreased or increased, respectively, ethylene production of anthers and the ACC and/or MACC content, but at concentrations higher than those that modified the formation of calli. This formation seems to occur in two successive phases: induction and initiation of microspore division, which was promoted by ethylene, followed by callus development, which was inhibited by ethylene. |
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Keywords: | ACC anther culture AOA 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid durum wheat ethylene MACC microspore Triticum durum |
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