First report regarding molecular epidemiology and novel variant identification of Anaplasma centrale in cattle from Pakistan |
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Authors: | Sehrish Ashraf Asia Parveen Muhammad Asif Abdullah D Alanazi Abdulaziz Alouffi Mian Muhammad Awais Adil Khan Munir Aktas Sezayi Ozubek Furhan Iqbal |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Pure and Applied biology, Zoology Division, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan 60800, Pakistan;2. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 1040, Ad-Dawadimi 11911, Saudi Arabia;3. King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 1977, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia;4. Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;5. Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan;6. F?rat University, Veterinary Faculty, Department of Parasitology, 23119 Elazig, Turkey |
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Abstract: | Anaplasma centrale (A. centrale) is an obligate red blood cell residing tick transmitted rickettsiae that has not been studied extensively for its prevalence in cattle along with its epidemiology. Aim of this investigation was to report the seasonal prevalence, phylogeny and epidemiological parameters associated with the prevalence of A. centrale in cattle breeds enrolled from District Layyah in Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 844 blood samples Cross breed = 300, Holstein Friesian = 244, Sahiwal breed = 300)] were collected from apparently healthy cattle along with epidemiological data during 2017–18. PCR amplified 426 base pair fragment from 16S rRNA gene of A. centrale in 14.4% (122/844) of cattle. Amplified 16S rRNA partial gene sequence of A. centrale were confirmed by DNA sequencing and deposited to GenBank. Highest A. centrale prevalence was observed in spring (24%) followed by autumn (12.4%) summer (10%) and winter (7.1%) seasons. Sahiwal breed (18.3%) was most susceptible to A. centrale infection followed by cross (12.3%) and Holstein Friesian breed (12.3%). 69/844 (8.2%) of Giemsa stained cattle blood smears were also found positive for Anaplasma spp. Farms where animal use to drink pool water and farms where dogs and other dairy animals were living with cattle had higher A. centrale prevalence. Female cattle and dogs having tick burden were found associated with A. centrale infection. Hematological profile was severely disturbed in A. centrale positive cattle. It is recommended that A. centrale should be screened in cattle, in addition to A. marginale, for the effective control of tick born diseases in Pakistan. |
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Keywords: | Cattle PCR 16S rRNA gene Blood smear screening Phylogenetic analysis |
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