Self-regulation of slow cortical potentials in psychiatric patients: Alcohol dependency |
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Authors: | Dr Frank Schneider Thomas Elbert Hans Heimann Andreas Welker Friedhelm Stetter Regina Mattes Niels Birbaumer Karl Mann |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 10th Floor, Gates Building, 19104 Philadelphia, PA;(2) Department of Psychiatry, University of Tübingen, Germany;(3) Institute for Experimental Audiology, University of Münster, Germany;(4) Department of Clinical and Physiological Psychology, University of Tübingen, Germany;(5) Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Università Degli Studi, Padova, Italia |
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Abstract: | Ten unmedicated alcohol-dependent male inpatients participated in a Slow Cortical Potential (SCP) self-regulation task utilizing biofeedback and instrumental conditioning. These patients were hospitalized for treatment of alcohol dependency after chronic abuse of alcoholic beverages. Somatic withdrawal symptomatology had occurred recently and the patients were free of any withdrawal symptoms of the autonomic nervous system. Immediately after hospitalization patients were unable to control their SCPs without the reinforcement of immediate feedback across 4 sessions. Seven patients participated in a fifth session an average of 4 months later. Six out of these 7 patients had not had a relapse at the follow-up. In the fifth session these patients were immediately able to differentiate between the required negativity and negativity suppression, whereas the seventh patient, who had relapsed, was unable to control his brain potentials successfully. Results are further evidence that some of the frontocortical dysfunctions in alcohol-dependent patients are reversible. This could covary with a morphological restitution of the cortex. |
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