关帝山林区景观要素沿环境梯度分布趋势的研究

 应用空间趋势面分析法研究森林景观空间格局，阐明其技术路线和工作步骤，并提出在ARC／INFO支持下的统一网格样点图上取样法。通过对不同景观要素生态潜力的定量化，对关帝山天然次生林区景观要素沿环境梯度的分布趋势进行了研究。试图从高度异质的复杂景观中，揭示景观要素的空间分布规律及其控制机制。结果表明：在研究地区30～50km的空间尺度上，水平地理位置对景观要素空间分布格局的影响极为有限，景观要素总体空间分布格局更多地受地形特征和干扰格局的综合控制，海拔、坡向和坡度是控制研究地区景观要素空间分布格局的基本因素，在不同海拔带上，坡向和坡度对景观要素空间分布格局的影响作用，在方向和强度上都有明显差别。本文应用空间趋势面分析法进一步对这些差别进行了详细分析，并得出了一些基本规律，这将有利于促进研究地区森林可持续经营和景观规划与管理水平的提高。

DISTRIBUTION OF LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS ALONG ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS IN GUANDISHAN FOREST REGION

Trend surface analysis is a method commonly used in community and population ecology: in this paper it was introduced as a tool to reveal pattern at the landscape level. A reasonable and reliable approach was presented to the application of this technique which enables the exploration of the role of the spatial distribution of landscape elements in landscape ecological research. Uniform grid point sampling was a key element in the described approach. It was well suited to complex secondary forest regions composed of confusing mosaics of land cover, and an example of its application in the Guandishan forested landscape was presented. The results of this application showed that, at the spatial scale of the study area (30~ 50km), horizontal geographical position as a determinant of the spatial pattern of landscape elements does not impact significantly on the spatial pattern of complex secondary forest mosaics. In contrast, aspect, slope and altitude were found to be the dominant features controlling landscape pattern in study area.Further, the orientation and the intensity of the controlling effects of aspect and slope in the landscape distribution pattern are differed markedly at different ranges of altitude. These differences are analyzed and discussed. Some basic rules of spatial distribution of landscape elements are proposed. It was anticipated that these rules will be of benefit to further study aimed at the enhancement of sustainable management of forests and landscape planning in the region.