基因芯片技术及其应用

基因芯片是近年来产生的一项生物高技术。它是利用原位合成或合成后交联法,将大量的核酸片段有规则地固定在固相支持物如载玻片、金属片、尼龙膜上,制成芯片,然后将要检测的样品用荧光素或同位素标记,再与做成的芯片充分杂交,通过对杂交信号的检测来分析样品中的信息。基因芯片技术已在基因表达水平的检测、基因点突变及多态性检测、DNA序列测定、寻找可能的致病基因和疾病相关基因、蛋白质作图、基因组文库作图等方面显示出了广阔的应用前景。

Gene Chip Technology and its Application

Gene chip is a new high-technology in the field of molecular biology recently.It is fabricated either by in situ light-directed chemical synthesis or by post-synthetic attachment,for binding thousands of oligonucleotide probes with the surface of solid support,such as glass slide,metal foil,nylon membrane,etc.The samples labeled by fluorescent or isotope are hybridized to the chip,and the sequence information is analyzed by detecting the hybridization signal.This technology has broad applications in many areas,such as the researching of gene expression,the screening of gene mutation and polymorphism,the sequencing of DNA,discovering the novel disease-related genes,protein mapping,genomic library mapping,etc.