Electrofusion of protoplasts from celery (Apium graveolens L.) with protoplasts from the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans

A method was developed for electrofusion of higher-plant protoplasts from celery and protoplasts from the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Initially, methods for the fusion of protoplasts from ecch species were determined individually and, subsequently, electrical parameters for fusion between the species were determined. Pronase-E treatment and the presence of calcium ions markedly increased celery protoplast stability under the electrical conditions required and increased fusion frequency with A. nidulans protoplasts. A reduction in protoplast viability was observed after electrofusion but the majority of the protoplasts remained viable over a 24-h incubation period. A small decline in protoplast respiration rate occurred during incubation but those celery protoplasts fused with A. nidulans protoplasts showed elevated respiration rates for 3 h after electrofusion.Abbreviations AC alternating current - DC direct current