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STRUCTURE AND DISTRIBUTION OF GLUCOMANNAN AND SULFATED GLUCAN IN THE CELL WALLS OF THE RED ALGA KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII (GIGARTINALES, RHODOPHYTA)
Authors:Hervé   Lechat,Mireille Amat,Jacques Mazoyer,Alain Bulé  on,Marc Lahaye
Affiliation:SKW Biosystem, Baupte, 50500 Carentan, France;Institut National de la Rercherche Agronomique, Unitéde Physico-Chimie des Macromolécules, BP 71627,; 44316 Nantes Cedex 03, FranceInstitut National de la Rercherche Agronomique, Unitéde Recherche sur les Polysaccharides, leurs Organisations et Interactions,; BP 71627, 44316 Nantes Cedex 03, France
Abstract:Two new polysaccharides were isolated from the cell walls of the carrageenan producing red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty. They were characterized by chemical analyses, enzymatic degradations, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. One was a 4.0 M NaOH soluble β-(1,4)- d -glucomannan that mostly precipitated upon neutralization and dialysis. It was composed of about 82 residues, and 70% of its glucose and mannose were released by a commercial cellulase enzyme complex. The disaccharide β- d -Man (1→4) d -Glc was recovered from the hydrolysate during the first hours of degradation and confirmed the chemical structure of the polysaccharide. The other polysaccharide was extracted with 1.5 M NaOH and was identified as a sulfated glucan of degree of polymerization of about 180 1,4-linked β-glucose containing 10% 1,3-linkages. The sulfate was located on C-6 of 64% of the 4-linked glucose residues. A third alkali-soluble polysaccharide rich in galactose was also detected. The distribution of the glucomannan and galactose containing polysaccharides was inversely related to the algal cell size. Potential functions of these alkali-soluble polymers are discussed in the context of cell wall polysaccharide assembly.
Keywords:cellulase    glucomannan    hemicellulose    Kappaphycus alvarezii    NMR    seaweed    sulfated glucan
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