Phytoplankton chemotaxonomy in waters around the Svalbard archipelago reveals high amounts of Chl b and presence of gyroxanthin-diester |
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Authors: | Ragnhild Pettersen Geir Johnsen J?rgen Berge Erlend Kjeldsberg Hovland |
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Institution: | (1) Trondheim Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;(2) The University Centre on Svalbard, P.O. Box 156, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway |
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Abstract: | Phytoplankton pigment signatures from a cruise in 2005 are herein presented and used as a chemotaxonomic tool for phytoplankton
diversity in the Svalbard marine archipelago. Studies from these waters have until recently reported only a few groups of
phytoplankton, and while this paper is the first to show that the diversity around Svalbard includes all major phytoplankton
pigment groups, the results are seen in relation to other similar studies from the Arctic. We present two potentially important
marker pigments: prasinoxanthin, originating from prasinophytes, and gyroxanthin-diester, possibly originating from the temperate-
and bloom-forming coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Pigment identification by HPLC revealed a significant amount of Chlorophyll b-containing chlorophyceae, euglenophyceae and prasinophyceae. Prasinoxanthin was present at 50% of the examined stations,
typically at Chl a maximum (15–25 m depth), in both Atlantic and Arctic water masses. Gyroxanthin-diester, in contrast to prasinoxanthin, was
found only in Atlantic water masses and at low concentrations. Our data may be important for the identification and verification
of remotely sensed images of different pigment groups of phytoplankton and their corresponding biomass, typically estimated
from Chl a. Remotely sensed presence of coccoliths, indicating E. huxleyi at sea surface, is discussed in relation to water masses and pigment signatures at sea surface and Chl a maximum depths. |
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