Bulges in left-handed G-quadruplexes |
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| Authors: | Poulomi Das,Khac Huy Ngo,Fernaldo
Richtia Winnerdy,Arijit Maity,Bla Bakalar,Yves Mechulam,Emmanuelle Schmitt,Anh Tu n Phan |
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| Affiliation: | School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore;Laboratoire de Biologie Structurale de la Cellule (BIOC), Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-UMR7654, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau 91128, France;NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore |
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| Abstract: | G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures with a left-handed backbone progression have unique and conserved structural features. Studies on sequence dependency of the structures revealed the prerequisites and some minimal motifs required for left-handed G4 formation. To extend the boundaries, we explore the adaptability of left-handed G4s towards the existence of bulges. Here we present two X-ray crystal structures and an NMR solution structure of left-handed G4s accommodating one, two and three bulges. Bulges in left-handed G4s show distinct characteristics as compared to those in right-handed G4s. The elucidation of intricate structural details will help in understanding the possible roles and limitations of these unique structures. |
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