武陵山区苗族儿童少年体质发育

为了探讨武陵山区苗族儿童少年体质发育特征及其规律。本文采用人体测量学的方法 , 对武陵山区苗族儿童少年17项体质发育指标进行测量, 计算11项体质指数。结果表明: 1)苗族儿童少年生长发育的各项指标均值随年龄的增长而增加; 2)苗族男女性的生长发育曲线呈上升趋势并且有交叉现象; 3)苗族男性的身高突增年龄为12-14岁, 女性则为11-13岁; 4)苗族学生的身高均值低于同龄其他民族学生; 5)苗族学生的体质指数年龄变化规律与其他民族基本相似, 但身体各部分的发育程度不相同; 6)苗族学生的维尔维克指数均值高于同龄马山壮族学生。研究显示苗族儿童少年体质发育符合一般生长发育规律, 并有性别差异, 苗族男女生的体质发育相对落后于汉族等其他民族。

Physical Development of Miao Children and Adolescents in the Wuling Mountain Area

The purpose of this research is to explore the features and physical growth patterns in the development of Miao children and adolescents from the Wuling mountain area. In this study, using anthropometric methods, 17 physical traits and 11 physical indices were assessed. Results were as follows. 1) Growth characteristics and curves for both boys and girls gradually increased with age. 2) The faster period of height growth occurred at 12-14 years in boys and 11- 13 years in girls. 3) Average heights of Miao children and adolescents were shorter than those of other nationalities of the same age. 4) Age changing rules of physical development indices of this group were similar to those of other nationalities, but there were differences in physical body degree development from each other. 5) The average Vervaeck’s index of Miao students was higher than that of Zhuang nationality students of the same age. This research concludes that physical development of Miao children and adolescents conforms with general growth patterns, albeit with significant differences between males and females; and in comparison with other nationalities, a relative retardation of Miao children and adolescents.