农药残留检测用植物酯酶的筛选

基于酶法分析中的酶抑制原理,通过对8种植物种子及2种植物加工材料总酯酶活力及其比活力进行比较,筛选农药残留检测用适宜的植物酯酶。结果显示,花豇豆总酯酶活力和比活力分别达7.325 U和0.617 U/mg,显著高于其它9个实验材料。用花豇豆酯酶对6种有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药——敌敌畏、辛硫磷、敌百虫、速灭威、克百威、灭多威进行敏感性分析,最低检测限均比国家规定的最大残留量小,符合检测要求。结果表明,花豇豆的酯酶总活力、比活力及其敏感性最好,是一种农药残留检测的理想酶源植物。

Selection of Phytoesterases Used in Detecting the Residue of Pesticides

Through employment of the enzyme inhibition mechanism of enzymatic analysis,the general esterase activities and the specific activities in seeds from eight plant species and in two botanic processing materials were studied and compared.The results showed that the general esterase activity and the specific activity in seeds from Vigna sp.are 7.325 U and 0.617 U/mg respectively.The esterase obtained from Vigna sp.was then applied to analyze sensitivity to six pesticides(dichlorvos,phoxim,trichlorfon,metolcarb,carbofuran and methomyl).The results showed that the limits of detection were lower than the maximum of residue limit,which meets the national standard of detection.The results indicated that the esterase obtained from Vigna sp.possesses the best general esterase activity,specific activity and sensitivity,which makes Vigna sp.an optimal enzyme source for detecting agricultural pesticides residue.