Changing places: how the results of new field work in the Rubeho Mountains influence conservation priorities in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania

The Rubeho Mountains are a poorly studied mountain block within the Eastern Arc Mountain range of Tanzania and Kenya. We present the results of field surveys for vertebrates undertaken during the period February 2000 to December 2002. One hundred and twelve man‐days of surveys recorded 35 mammal, 107 bird, ten reptile and nine amphibian species, including eleven species endemic and seven near‐endemic to the Eastern Arc, with one species new to science. Of these, nine species are regarded as threatened with extinction. The new survey data significantly elevate the biological importance of the Rubehos within the Eastern Arc range. Further analyses highlight how the overall biological ranking of the Eastern Arc mountain blocks is correlated with survey effort. The majority of the forest habitat on the Rubehos is contained in three national (Central Government) Forest Reserves (Mang'alisa, Mafwomero and Ukwiva). Our surveys recorded high levels of disturbance to the forest habitat in all three reserves and we draw attention to the need for additional conservation investment in this area.