生物大分子分离技术:过去、现状和未来

生物大分子包括多肽、酶、蛋白质、核酸(DNA和RNA)以及多糖等。生物大分子分离技术是生命科学研究中的关键技术之一。当前,各学科之间的交叉渗透为生物大分子分离技术的发展提供了更多的契机。对以沉淀、透析、超滤和溶剂萃取为代表的传统分离技术,以及色谱,电泳等现代分离技术的发展概况、原理、特点及应用进行了综述。并结合生命科学的发展现状,展望了生物大分子分离技术的发展前景。

The Techniques of Biomacromolecule Separation: Past, Now and Future

Biomacromolecule include polypeptide,enzyme,protein,nucleic acid(DNA and RNA) and polysaccharide etc.The techniques of biomacromolecule separation is crucial in life science.Cross influences among many subjects promote the development of the techniques of biomacromolecule separation.In this paper,the progress,theories,features and applications of the traditional separation techniques(such as sedimentation,dialysis,ultrafiltration and extraction) and the modern separation techniques(such as chromatography and electrophoresis) were summarized.At the same time,according to the status quo of the development of life science,the prospect of the techniques of biomacromolecule separation was viewed.