Antibacterial xanthones from Kielmeyera variabilis mart. (Clusiaceae) |
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Authors: | Pinheiro Lucimar Nakamura Celso Vataru Dias Filho Benedito Prado Ferreira Antonio Gilberto Young Maria Claudia Marx Cortez Diógenes Aparicio Garcia |
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Institution: | Departamento de Farmácia e Farmacologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil. |
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Abstract: | The bioassay-guided fractionation of stems from Kielmeyera variabilis, traditionally used in Brazilian folk medicine, yielded assiguxanthone-B (1), kielcorin (4), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3), and a mixture of xanthones containing assiguxanthone-B (1) and 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-prenylxanthone (2) (1:1 w/w). The xanthone mixture inhibited Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis at a concentration of 6.25 g/ml. When tested alone, the minimal inhibitory concentration of assiguxanthone-B was 25 g/ml against B. subtilis. Kielcorin and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid were inactive against both strains. None of the fractions was active against Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Viable cells of S. aureus were reduced by a 1-3 log CFU/ml within 12 h after exposure of one to eight times the MIC of the xanthone mixture. It is not known whether the tetrahydroxy-2-prenylxanthone or other components of the xanthone mixture are responsible for the main antibacterial activity or whether additive or synergistic action is involved |
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