河北转Bt基因棉田棉铃虫对杀虫剂的抗性及相关酶活性的变化

为明确河北省推广种植植转Bt基因抗虫棉（简称Bt棉）后， 棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)对常用杀虫剂的抗药性水平及其生化机理， 2011-2012年采用点滴法对保定南郊、 沧州南皮、 邢台巨鹿3个地区的田间种群以及敏感种群进行了室内毒力测定， 并采用生化分析法对4个种群相关的羧酸酯酶（carboxylesterase, CarE）、 谷胱甘肽S 转移酶(glutathione S-transferases, GSTs)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(acetylcholinesterase, AChE)的活性进行了研究。结果表明: 3个田间种群对高效氯氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯处于中至高抗水平， 抗性倍数为20.02~73.70倍； 对灭多威处于低至中抗水平， 抗性倍数为6.27~11.84倍； 对高效氯氟氰菊酯(抗性倍数: 1.07~4.20倍)， 辛硫磷、 毒死蜱和马拉硫磷(抗性倍数: 1.00~2.69倍)， 以及氯虫苯甲酰胺（抗性倍数: 2.00~3.67倍）均处于敏感水平。3个田间种群的CarE， GSTs和AChE活性分别是敏感种群的1.06~1.23， 1.20~1.63和1.15~1.23倍， 这可能与其对高效氯氰菊酯、 氰戊菊酯和灭多威产生的抗性有关。

Characteristics of resistance to insecticides and change of activities of the related enzymes in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from transgenic Bt cotton fields in Hebei Province, North China

To investigate the resistance level of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) from transgenic Bt cotton field to insecticides and ascertain their biochemical mechanisms, three field populations were collected in 2011 and 2012 from southern suburbs of Baoding, Nanpi County of Cangzhou and Julu County of Xingtai in Hebei Province, North China. The toxicity of eight insecticides was tested by topical application method, and the activities of the related carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were determined by biochemical analysis. The results showed that the three field populations had medium- or high-level resistance to beta cypermethrin and fenvalerate (the R/S ratio: 20.02-73.70), low- or medium-level resistance to methomyl ( the R/S ratio: 6.27-11.84), but were sensitive to lambda-cyhalothrin (the R/S ratio: 1.07-4.20), phoxim, chlorpyrifos and malathion (the R/S ratio: 1.00-2.69), and chlorantraniliprole (the R/S ratio: 2.00-3.67). The activities of CarE, GSTs and AChE in the three field populations were 1.06-1.23, 1.20-1.63 and 1.15-1.23-fold as high as that in the susceptible population, respectively, and this may be correlated with the resistance to beta cypermethrin, fenvalerate and methomyl.