UV-B胁迫小麦上麦长管蚜的生命表参数和取食行为

【目的】为明确UV-B胁迫小麦对麦长管蚜Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)种群生命表参数和取食行为的影响。【方法】采用特定年龄生命表方法和刺探电位图谱（EPG）技术， 研究了不同强度UV-B胁迫处理小麦对麦长管蚜生命表参数和取食行为的影响。【结果】生命表结果表明， 取食高强度（0.75 mW/cm²） UV-B辐射小麦后， 麦长管蚜种群内禀增长率r_m、 净增殖率R₀、 繁殖力F下降， 平均世代周期T缩短， 且差异显著(P<0.05)； 取食低强度（0.2 mW/cm²）UV-B辐射小麦后， 麦长管蚜种群生命表参数与对照组（正常光照处理小麦饲喂的蚜虫种群）无显著差异(P>0.05)。刺探电位图谱结果显示， 高强度UV-B处理组np波(即非取食)数量显著增加， pd波（刺探波）首次出现的时间延迟， 表明紫外处理小麦干扰了蚜虫的在叶表面的正常刺探活动， 延长了搜索和刺探时间； C波持续时间显著延长， 反映取食难度加大， 有效取食时间缩短， 从而影响种群生命表参数； 而低强度UV-B处理组小麦对蚜虫取食行为影响与对照组差异不显著， 但pd波首次出现时间显著延长。【结论】高强度UV-B胁迫小麦会严重影响麦长管蚜的生长发育、 繁殖与取食行为。

Life table parameters and feeding behavior of Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on wheat under UV-B stress

【Aim】 To explore the indirect effects of UV-B radiation on the life table parameters and feeding behavior of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius). 【Methods】 Age-specific life table was established to evaluate the life table parameters. The effect on feeding behavior of S. avenae was studied using electrical penetration graph (EPG). 【Results】 The results revealed that the life table parameters such as the intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), the net rate of increase (R₀), fecundity (F) and the mean length of a generation (T) of S. avenae feeding on the wheat exposed to the high-intensity (0.75 mW/cm²) UV-B radiation were significantly lower than those in the control (S. avenae feeding on the wheat grown under fluorescent lamp). The corresponding parameters tested in the low-intensity (0.2 mW/cm²) UV-B radiation group were basically identical with that in the control group. Similarly, compared with the control group, the number of np waveform increased and the duration time of C wave prolonged significantly in the high intensity UV-B radiation group. The results indicated that the difficulty of feeding behavior for S. avenae was elevated and the effective feeding time decreased due to the UV-B irradiation. Although the time for the first occurrence of pd waveform was not significantly different between the low intensity UV-B radiation group and the control group, it was delayed in the two UV-B treatment groups. 【Conclusion】 High-intensity UV-B stress on wheat could undermine the growth, development and feeding behavior of S. avenae.