Hypoxia. 3. Hypoxia and neurotransmitter synthesis |
| |
Authors: | Kumar Ganesh K |
| |
Affiliation: | Institute for Integrative Physiology and Center for Systems Biology of O(2) Sensing, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Illinois, USA. gkumar@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu |
| |
Abstract: | Central and peripheral neurons as well as neuroendocrine cells express a variety of neurotransmitters/modulators that play critical roles in regulation of physiological systems. The synthesis of several neurotransmitters/modulators is regulated by O(2)-requiring rate-limiting enzymes. Consequently, hypoxia resulting from perturbations in O(2) homeostasis can affect neuronal functions by altering neurotransmitter synthesis. Two broad categories of hypoxia are frequently encountered: continuous hypoxia (CH) and intermittent hypoxia (IH). CH is often seen during high altitude sojourns, whereas IH is experienced in sleep-disordered breathing with recurrent apneas (i.e., brief, repetitive cessations of breathing). This article presents what is currently known on the effects of both forms of hypoxia on neurotransmitter levels and neurotransmitter synthesizing enzymes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 PubMed 等数据库收录! |
|