乳腺分型及乳腺厚度与全数字化乳腺X线摄影曝光条件及平均腺体剂量的关系

目的：探讨不同乳腺分型（Ⅰ型（脂肪型）、Ⅱ型（致密型）、Ⅲ型（中间型）、Ⅳ型（导管型））、不同乳腺厚度与全数字化乳腺X射线摄影曝光条件（kV、mms）、平均腺体剂量（mGy）之间的关系。方法：回顾性分析2009年9月-2010年6月间采用德国Siemens公司MAMMOMAT Novation DR全数字化乳腺摄影系统、自动曝光控制模式下摄影所获得的2000例头尾位和内外侧斜位乳腺片，分析7840幅Ⅰ级乳腺照片中不同乳腺分型、不同乳腺厚度的曝光条件、平均腺体剂量，以研究乳腺分型及乳腺厚度与全数字化乳腺X线摄影曝光条件及平均腺体剂量的关系。结果：当乳腺厚度相同时，Ⅱ型（致密型）乳腺的曝光条件及平均腺体剂量最大，Ⅳ型（导管型）次之，Ⅲ型（中间型）再次之，Ⅰ型（脂肪型）乳腺的曝光条件及平均腺体剂量最小。无论何种乳腺分型，随着乳腺厚度的增加，全数字化乳腺X射线摄影曝光条件及平均腺体剂量随之增加。结论：乳腺分型及乳腺厚度与全数字化乳腺X射线摄影曝光条件及平均腺体剂量关系密切，乳腺腺体组织越致密、厚度越厚，其曝光条件及平均腺体剂量就越大。

The Relation Between Mammary Type, Thickness and X-ray Exposure Conditions, Average Glandular Dose in Digital Mammography

Objective： To investigate the relationship between different mammary type（type Ⅰ （fat type）, type Ⅱ （dense type）, type Ⅲ（intermediate type）, type Ⅳ（ductal type）, mammary thickness and X-ray exposure conditions （kV, mAs）, average glandular dose （mGy） in full-field digital mammography. Methods： We retrospectively analysed 2000 cases of Head and tail parts and Inside and outside Oblique breast X-films, which were obtained by Siemens MAMMOMAT Novation DR mammography system AEC mode from September 2009 to June 2010, and the different types of breast, conditions of exposure of different breast thickness and average glandular dose in 7 840 grade Ⅰ breast photos. Results： When the thickness of the breast was same, the exposure conditions and average glandular dose of type Ⅱ were maximum, type Ⅳ was second, typeⅢ was third, the type Ⅰ was minimum. No matter what type of breast, breast thickness increased, the exposure conditions and average glandular dose increased. Conclusion： The type and thickness of breast are close to X-ray exposure conditions and average glan-dular dose.