长爪沙鼠脑底动脉Willis环变异缺失遗传特性分析及脑缺血模型高发群体的初步培育

目的研究长爪沙鼠脑底动脉Willis环遗传特性,并定向培育脑缺血高发种群。方法通过对5代定向培育的长爪沙鼠高发群动物共398只动物的右侧颈总动脉结扎模型进行观察,比较长爪沙鼠亲代与子代间脑底动脉Willis环的变异缺失类型,探求其遗传特性,并根据该遗传特性将Willis环后交通支缺失且前交通支缺失或细小的同类型的长爪沙鼠父母所生的子代雌雄个体配对繁殖,定向培育长爪沙鼠半脑缺血模型高发生率种群。结果当双亲的Willis环类型一致时,其子代大部分与其父母一致;而当双亲的Willis环类型不一致时,Willis环前交通支与母亲一致率为60.4%,前交通支与父亲的一致率为48.2%,两者的差异有显著性意义（P=0.015）。长爪沙鼠半脑缺血模型高发生率种群定向培育5代后,行单侧颈总动脉结扎时,一侧脑缺血造模成功率由F1代的40%提高到F5代的75%。结论长爪沙鼠脑底动脉Willis环变异有明显的遗传性,初步培育出了长爪沙鼠半脑缺血模型高发生率种群。

Characterization of the Variations in the Circle of Willis in Gerbils and Selective Breeding of an Ischemia-Prone Gerbil Group

Objective To investigate the post-UCO（unilateral carotid occlusion） ischemic symptoms and possible correlations of anterior and posterior communicating arteries（ACoA and PCoA） patterns of the circle of Willis between parents and their progeny in gerbils and to selectively breed an ischemia-prone gerbil group.Methods We used 398 gerbils from five generations to develop focal cerebral ischemia after UCO,and compared the UCO ischemic symptoms and possible correlations of ACoA and PCoA patterns between parents and their progeny.The progeny which are from the parents with incomplete Willis circle were mated to selectively breed an ischemia-prone group.Results It was shown that if the parents had complete ACoAs,their progeny also had a complete ACoAs,and there were significant differences when the parents＇ ACoAs were incomplete： in 60.4% of offsprings the type of ACoA was consistent with that of their mother and in 48.2% consistent with that of their father.After selectively breeding for five generations,the proportion of UCO ischemia increased from 40% in the F1 animals to 75% in the F5 animals.Conclusions Variations in the circle of Willis are of genetic nature and we have successfully established an ischemia-prone gerbil group.