网络成瘾的生物学机制研究与展望

网络成瘾是指由于过度使用网络而导致社会及心理损害的现象,危害极大,故受到广泛关注。网络成瘾主要受生物学机制的调控。在脑神经机制方面,通过对成瘾者的自发脑电、事件相关电位以及成瘾者静息态BOLD-f MRI的分析,发现成瘾者脑功能区出现异常。同时,网络成瘾也受到自主神经功能的影响。另外,脑内奖赏系统和成瘾记忆模型也可能成为引发网络成瘾的脑神经机制。体内化学物质的失衡也能引发网络成瘾。鉴于此,一些治疗方法如药物干预、行为干预、认知干预以及综合干预疗法使得根治网络成瘾成为可能。本文拟从网络成瘾的概念、表现特点、不良影响及其发生的生物学机制等方面的研究进展进行阐述,以期为相关研究提供一些有价值的参考依据。

Research and Prospect for Internet Addiction Biological Mechanism

Internet addiction disorder(IAD) is as excessive use of the internet lead to obvious social and psychological damage, it has caused a extensive attention. Internet addiction is regulated mainly by the biological mechanism. In brain neural mechanism aspects, through analyzed internet addicts'' EEG, ERP as well as the internet addicts'' BOLD-fMRI during resting state, the abnormal areas exist in the brain of most internet addicts has been discovered. Meantime, IAD is also affected by autonomic nervous function. In addition, the reward system in the brain and the model of addiction memory may also be the neural mechanisms of IAD. An imbalance of body''s principal chemical component can also trigger IAD. According to the biological mechanisms of IAD, some therapies such as pharmacological intervention, behavioral intervention, cognitive intervention and some synthetic intervention make it possible to radical cure IAD. Mainly four aspects of IAD are given in this paper including the definition, the manifestation characteristic, the harmful effect and the biological mechanism, so as to provide some valuable reference for correlative researches.