妊娠期糖尿病与妊娠结局的临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)对孕妇妊娠结局和胎儿健康的影响。方法:回顾性分析2009年8月~2012年12月在我院分娩的184例GDM患者及200例健康孕妇的临床资料,并对两组孕妇的妊娠结局进行比较。结果:GDM组妊高症35例(19.0%)、羊水过多17例(9.2%)、早产21例(11.4%)、产后出血14例(7.6%)、产褥感染12例(6.5%),发生率均显著高于对照组(P0.05);GDM组中发生巨大儿48例(26.1%)、新生儿低血糖31例(16.8%),与对照组比较均显著增高(P0.05),而胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率(3.3%)也较对照组升高,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);GDM组剖宫产141例(76.6%),阴道产43例(23.4%),剖宫产比例较对照组显著升高(P0.05)。结论:GDM对孕妇的妊娠结局有不利影响,孕妇应加强孕期保健,规范治疗妊娠期糖尿病,减少各种并发症的发生。

Clinical Analysis of Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy Outcome

ABSTRACT Objective:To study the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the outcome of gravida and fetal health.Methods:The clinical data of 184 cases of GDM patients and 200 cases of healthy gravida were retrospectively analyzed, the pregnancyoutcome of two groups was compared.Results: In GDM group, 35 cases of pregnant period hypertensive disorders (19%), 17 cases ofpolyhydramnios(9.2%), 21 cases of premature delivery(11.4%), 14 cases of postpartum hemorrhage (7.6%), 12 cases of puerperal infection(6.5%) were found, which were all significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05); 48 cases of macrosomia (26.1%), 31cases of neonatal hypoglycemia (16.8%) were all significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and fetal distress rate(3.3%) was higher than that of the control group, but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). In GDM group,141 cases of cesarean section (76.6%), 43 cases of vaginal delivery (23.4%), and the rate of cesarean section were all significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: GDM had adverse effects on the outcome of pregnancy, gravida shouldstrengthen the health care during pregnancy, and accept the standard treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, decrease the complications.