Repair of Oxidative DNA Damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
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| Institution: | 1. Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Graz, Austria;2. University of Georgia, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Athens, GA 30602, USA;3. Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;4. Wylstrasse 13, CH-6052 Hergiswil (Formerly Novartis AG, Basel), Switzerland;5. University of Graz, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Graz, Austria;1. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA;2. Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA |
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| Abstract: | Malfunction of enzymes that detoxify reactive oxygen species leads to oxidative attack on biomolecules including DNA and consequently activates various DNA repair pathways. The nature of DNA damage and the cell cycle stage at which DNA damage occurs determine the appropriate repair pathway to rectify the damage. Oxidized DNA bases are primarily repaired by base excision repair and nucleotide incision repair. Nucleotide excision repair acts on lesions that distort DNA helix, mismatch repair on mispaired bases, and homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining on double stranded breaks. Post-replication repair that overcomes replication blocks caused by DNA damage also plays a crucial role in protecting the cell from the deleterious effects of oxidative DNA damage. Mitochondrial DNA is also prone to oxidative damage and is efficiently repaired by the cellular DNA repair machinery. In this review, we discuss the DNA repair pathways in relation to the nature of oxidative DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
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| Keywords: | Oxidative DNA damage Reactive oxygen species Base excision repair Mitochondrial DNA |
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