The genetic status of naturally occurring black-nosed impala from northern South Africa |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;2. Inqaba Biotechnical Industries, PO Box 14356, Hatfield 0028, South Africa;3. SA Hunters and Game Conservation, P O Box 1952, Montana Park 0159, South Africa;1. South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;2. The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;3. Cetacean Ecology Lab, Cetacea Research Institute, Hong Kong;1. Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;2. Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;3. Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, Spain;4. Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain;5. Direcció General de Medi Ambient i Biodiversitat, Depto. de Agricultura, Ramadería, Pesca i Alimentació, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;6. Reserva Nacional de Caça dels Ports de Tortosa i Beseit, Roquetes, Tarragona, Spain;7. Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, United Kingdom;1. King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Conservation Ecology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, 49 Thakham, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand;2. Wildlife Conservation Society, Center for Global Conservation, 2300 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY 10460, USA;1. Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;2. New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, Concord, NH 03301, USA;1. The School for Field Studies, Center for Wildlife Studies, Karatu, Tanzania;2. Kenyon College, Gambier, OH, USA;3. Reed College, Portland, OR, USA;4. Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, PO Box 339, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa;2. Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, 02 Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | The impala (Aepyceros melampus ssp.) is a widespread antelope species occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. The two recognized subspecies have non-overlapping distribution ranges, with no known natural mixture of these subspecies until human interference. A number of common impala individuals (A. m. melampus) displaying phenotypic characteristics commonly observed in the black-faced impala (A. m. petersi), namely black facial markings, were seen on a farm in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. This farm falls outside the natural distribution range of A. m. petersi. We therefore aimed to identify the taxonomic placement of these individuals (i.e. A. m. melampus or A. m. petersi) through phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses using D-loop and cytochrome subunit b sequence data. Our results showed that these black-nosed impala from Limpopo are in fact A. m. melampus individuals. The existence of the black-nose phenotype in common impala could be more widespread than previously estimated. The occurrence of introgression between the two subspecies in this region could, however, not be fully excluded, and can only be fully assessed through the use of nuclear DNA analysis. |
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| Keywords: | Impala Subspecies mtDNA Genetic drift Phenotype |
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