Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and killer whale (Orcinus orca) feeding aggregations for foraging on herring (Clupea harengus) in Northern Norway |
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| Institution: | 1. Norwegian Orca Survey – Haugnesveien 30, N-8480 Andenes, Norway;2. Norwegian Polar Institute – Fram Center, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway;1. Panthera, 8 West 40th Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10018, United States;2. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico;1. Department of Genomics, Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, Szent-Györgyi Albert Str. 4., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;2. Institute for Wildlife Conservation, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Páter Károly Str. 1., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;3. Department of Wildlife Biology and Ethology, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, Guba Sándor Str. 40., H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;4. Department of Animal Breeding Technology and Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Kaposvár University, Guba Sándor Str. 40., H-7400 Kaposvár, Hungary;5. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter Ave. 1/c., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary;1. Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;2. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910, Vitória, ES, Brazil;1. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Bureau of Ecological Research Division of Basic Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;3. Veterinary Anatomy, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan;4. The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;1. South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;2. The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;3. Cetacean Ecology Lab, Cetacea Research Institute, Hong Kong;1. Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, 62901, USA;2. Indiana Karst Conservancy, PO Box 2401, Indianapolis, IN 46206, USA;3. Indiana Department of Natural Resources,402 West Washington Street, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA;4. Environmental Solutions and Innovations,4525 Este Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45232, USA |
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| Abstract: | Aggregations of predators on food patches have been documented for both terrestrial and marine animals. Here, we documented for the first time, and investigated, non-predatory aggregations occurring between humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and killer whales (Orcinus orca) while feeding on wintering Norwegian spring spawning herring (Clupea harengus) in Andfjord, northern Norway. Observational data were collected during 109 opportunistic surveys through three seasons 2013–2016. Killer whales were observed feeding on 59 occasions, with one to three humpback whales involved in 47 of these feeding events (79.7%), and there was an increased probability of finding feeding humpback whales when feeding killer whales also were observed. With killer whales identified as the initiating species in 94.4% of the feeding aggregations for which the first species was known, and with humpback whales joining and feeding on the fish ball afterwards, we suggest that humpback whales may benefit more from these aggregations than the opposite. |
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| Keywords: | Humpback whale Killer whale Feeding behavior Mixed-species aggregation Interaction Interspecific |
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