Lichen elemental content bioindicators for air quality in upper Midwest,USA: A model for large-scale monitoring |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1381, USA;2. USDA Forest Service, Portland Forestry Sciences Lab, 620 SW Main, Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205, USA;3. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Logan Forestry Sciences Lab, 860 N 1200 E, Logan, UT 84321, USA;1. State University of Maringa, Brazil;2. Federal University of Southern Bahia, Brazil;1. Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Department of Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. National University of Centre of Peru (UNCP), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Av. Mariscal Ramón Castilla Km. 5. No 3809, El Tambo, Huancayo, Peru;3. National University of Centre of Peru (UNCP), Faculty of Nursing, Av. Mariscal Ramón Castilla Km. 5. No 3809, El Tambo, Huancayo, Peru;4. Alas Peruanas University (UAP), Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Av. Coronel Parra s/n Paradero 5, Pilcomayo, Huancayo, Peru;1. Department of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 27, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;2. Department of Plant Taxonomy, Phytogeography and Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 27, 31-501 Kraków, Poland;1. ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, France;2. Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), UMR 7619, Sorbonne Universités UPMC-CNRS-EPHE, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris, France;3. Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université de Toulouse, UPS, CNRS, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France |
| |
| Abstract: | Our development of lichen elemental bioindicators for a United States of America (USA) national monitoring program is a useful model for other large-scale programs. Concentrations of 20 elements were measured, validated, and analyzed for 203 samples of five common lichen species. Collections were made by trained non-specialists near 75 permanent plots and an expert near nine air monitoring sites. Flavoparmelia caperata (most frequent) and Physcia aipolia/stellaris between them represented the full range of local forest cover and pollution load. Evernia mesomorpha (values saturated at intermediate pollution), Parmelia sulcata, and Punctelia rudecta (both difficult for non-specialists) were less useful. Conversion models (GLM or regression) rendered elemental data equivalent between species. Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, N, and S, plus composite indexes from them, were linked with local air pollution based on correlations with directly measured N and particulate matter as well as from PCA; elements were weakly correlated with modeled pollution estimates. Lichen Hg had no other useful surrogates. Invoking multiple causation and scale-dependence helped address several issues of interpretation, for instance conflicting bioindicator value of Al and Fe from literature. |
| |
| Keywords: | Bioindicator Element Lichen Metal Nitrogen Pollution Scale-dependence Sulfur |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
