DNA damage,repair monitoring and epigenetic DNA methylation changes in seedlings of Chernobyl soybeans |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Reproduction and Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovakia;2. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Laboratory of Genome Dynamics and Stability, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria;3. Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;1. SCK•CEN, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium;2. Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;3. Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;4. Centre for Environmental Research, University of Hasselt, Universiteitslaan 1, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium;1. Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, Tartu, Estonia;2. Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, Tartu, Estonia;1. Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States;2. Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States;3. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, United States;4. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States;1. Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada;2. School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil;1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA;2. Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA;3. Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | This pilot study was carried out to assess the effect of radio-contaminated Chernobyl environment on plant genome integrity 27 years after the accident. For this purpose, nuclei were isolated from root tips of the soybean seedlings harvested from plants grown in the Chernobyl area for seven generations. Neutral, neutral-alkaline, and methylation-sensitive comet assays were performed to evaluate the induction and repair of primary DNA damage and the epigenetic contribution to stress adaptation mechanisms. An increased level of single and double strand breaks in the radio-contaminated Chernobyl seedlings at the stage of primary root development was detected in comparison to the controls. However, the kinetics of the recovery of DNA breaks of radio-contaminated Chernobyl samples revealed that lesions were efficiently repaired at the stage of cotyledon. Methylation-sensitive comet assay revealed comparable levels in the CCGG methylation pattern between control and radio-contaminated samples with a slight increase of approximately 10% in the latter ones. The obtained preliminary data allow us to speculate about the onset of mechanisms providing an adaptation potential to the accumulated internal irradiation after the Chernobyl accident.Despite the limitations of this study, we showed that comet assay is a sensitive and flexible technique which can be efficiently used for genotoxic screening of plant specimens in natural and human-made radio-contaminated areas, as well as for safety monitoring of agricultural products. |
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| Keywords: | Chernobyl accident External and internal radionuclide exposure DNA damage Methylation-sensitive plant comet assay Environmental biomonitoring |
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