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Seabird longline bycatch reduction devices increase target catch while reducing bycatch: A meta-analysis
Institution:1. Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;2. Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;3. National Audubon Society, 116 N. College Ave., Ft. Collins, CO 80524, USA;4. Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd., Ithaca, NY 14850, USA;1. Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA I.P.), Avenida 5 de Outubro s/n, Olhão, 8700-305 Portugal;2. Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, FCT Ed. 7, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, 8005-139 Portugal;1. SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Willemoesvej 2, DK-9850 Hirtshals, Denmark;2. SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture, Brattørkaia 17C, N-7010 Trondheim, Norway;3. University of Tromsø, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;1. UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway;2. SINTEF Ocean, Brattørkaia 17C, N-7010, Trondheim, Norway;3. Institute of Marine Research, Postbox 1870 Nordnes, N-5817, Bergen, Norway;4. University of Split, Department of Marine Studies, 21000, Split, Croatia;5. Cukurova University, Fisheries Faculty, TR-01330, Sar?çam, Adana, Turkey;1. Institute of Marine Affairs and Resource Management, Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan;2. NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, Honolulu, HI, USA;3. NOAA Fisheries, Office of Protected Resources, Silver Spring, MD, USA;4. NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Pascagoula, MS, USA;1. Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA I.P.), Avenida 5 de Outubro s/n, 8700-305 Olhão, Portugal;2. Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, FCT Ed. 7, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Abstract:Mortality during commercial fishing activities is a significant threat to many imperiled seabird species, and myriad technologies have been developed to reduce mortality during longline fishing operations. However, individual studies have never been combined in a quantitative manner to determine if seabird bycatch reduction devices (BRD) have a detrimental effect upon target species catch. We performed a meta-analysis of the longline fishery BRD literature to determine the general impact of BRD technology upon commercial fishing operations. There were relatively few papers with data suitable for a meta-analysis (15), therefore we pooled studies in the analysis with BRD and fishery related metrics included as covariates. Overall, we found no reduction in target fish catch. In fact, we found an increase in target catch of 9% (95% CI 1,17]) with BRD use. We show that this increase occurs while BRDs reduce seabird bycatch by 89% (95% CI 82,93]). These patterns do not change with respect to geographic location or BRD type, indicating that efforts to reduce seabird bycatch are generally effective under different conditions. Our review identifies research needed to ensure the generality of our findings and to better understand the impacts of BRD implementation upon seabird conservation and commercial fisheries.
Keywords:Seabird conservation  Bycatch  Fisheries  Meta-analysis  Longline fishing
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