Genetic studies in the recently divergent Eligmodontia puerulus and E. moreni (Rodentia,Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) from Puna and Monte deserts of South America |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical IBS CONICET-UNaM, FCEQyN, Felix de Azara 1552, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina;2. Laboratorio de Genética de Poblaciones y del Paisaje, IBS CONICET-UNaM, FCEQyN, Felix de Azara 1552, Posadas 3300, Misiones, Argentina;3. Grupo de Investigaciones de la Biodiversidad (GiB), CONICET-CCT-Mendoza-IADIZA, CC 507, Mendoza 5500, Argentina;1. Panthera, 8 West 40th Street, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10018, United States;2. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico;1. South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Environment, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China;2. The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;3. Cetacean Ecology Lab, Cetacea Research Institute, Hong Kong;1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resource and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran;2. Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands;1. Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;2. Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge (SEFaS), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain;3. Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, Jaén, Spain;4. Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua, Isla de la Cartuja, Sevilla, Spain;5. Direcció General de Medi Ambient i Biodiversitat, Depto. de Agricultura, Ramadería, Pesca i Alimentació, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;6. Reserva Nacional de Caça dels Ports de Tortosa i Beseit, Roquetes, Tarragona, Spain;7. Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, United Kingdom;1. Tropical Biodiversity Section, MUSE—Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122 Trento, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell’Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy;3. Servizio Foreste e Fauna, Provincia Autonoma di Trento, Via Trener 3, 38121 Trento, Italy;4. Vertebrate Zoology Section, MUSE—Museo delle Scienze, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza 3, 38122 Trento, Italy;1. Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, UMR 5558, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France;2. Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Christchurch House, Talbot Campus, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom;3. Centre de Biologie et Gestion des Populations (INRA ⁄ IRD ⁄ Cirad ⁄ Montpellier SupAgro), Campus international de Baillarguet, CS 30016, F-34988, Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France |
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| Abstract: | Eligmodontia is a genus of phyllotine rodents adapted to arid environments with seven recognized species. The sister species E. puerulus and E. moreni are distributed in the adjacent highland Puna and lowland Monte deserts respectively, and show remarkable morphological and chromosomal differences. However, analyses of the cytochrome b gene showed important variability, without reciprocal monophyly between them. In order to study the evolutionary processes involved in the diversification of both taxa, we analyzed 1161 bp of the mitochondrial control region and flanking sequences (N = 60), as well as 759 bp of the first exon of the nuclear gene IRBP (N = 14). Individuals of both species from Jujuy, Catamarca and Mendoza Provinces of Argentina were previously karyotyped. Results showed that the mitochondrial sequences present high haplotype and nucleotide diversity within all population, and no haplotype was shared between both species. FST indicated that populations of both species were moderately structured. The network was constituted by two major haplogroups, one composed by E. puerulus samples from Jujuy, and the other composed of sequences of all studied populations. The Bayesian analysis showed three clusters, matching the network. Phylogenetic analysis recovered two clades with high support, in coincidence with the network groups. There was only one close join between sequences of both species, corresponding to samples from Catamarca. Thus, mitochondrial data suggested hybridization between both species in Catamarca, with asymmetric introgression. The IRBP showed low variability and, in the phylogenetic analysis, the sequences of E. puerulus form a monophyletic group with intermediate support, whereas those of E. moreni collapse into a basal polytomy. Our data indicated a recent divergence and absence of introgression in the nuclear genomes. The results at the population level with mitochondrial sequences, together with integrative taxonomy at the species level in a biogeographic context, suggest that climatic and geologic changes could have had an important role in the determination of genetic variability patterns observed in these rodents. |
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| Keywords: | Variability Population genetics Speciation Sister species Hybridization South American rodents |
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