Antimicrobial fungal endophytes from the botanical medicine goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China;2. Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China;1. Hebei TCM Formula Granule Engineering & Technology Research Center, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China;2. Hebei Province Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shijiazhuang 050021, China;1. Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China;2. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, PR China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, PR China;1. School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;2. Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens GR 15771, Greece;1. Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of the CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Lanzhou 730000, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The potential of fungal endophytes to alter or contribute to plant chemistry and biology has been the topic of a great deal of recent interest. For plants that are used medicinally, it has been proposed that endophytes might play an important role in biological activity. With this study, we sought to identify antimicrobial fungal endophytes from the medicinal plant goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis L., Ranunculaceae), a plant used in traditional medicine to treat infection. A total of 23 fungal cultures were obtained from surface-sterilized samples of H. canadensis roots, leaves and seeds. Eleven secondary metabolites were isolated from these fungal endophytes, five of which had reported antimicrobial activity. Hydrastis canadensis plant material was then analyzed for the presence of fungal metabolites using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolving power mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial compound alternariol monomethyl ether was detected both as a metabolite of the fungal endophyte Alternaria spp. isolated from H. canadensis seeds, and as a component of an extract from the H. canadensis seed material. Notably, fungi of the Alternaria genus were isolated from three separate accessions of H. canadensis plant material collected in a time period spanning 5 years. The concentration of alternariol monomethyl ether (991 mg/kg in dry seed material) was in a similar range to that previously reported for metabolites of ecologically important fungal endophytes. The seed extracts themselves, however, did not possess antimicrobial activity. |
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| Keywords: | Endophytes Secondary metabolites Fungi Alternariol monomethyl ether |
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