Richness of cultivable endophytic fungi along an altitudinal gradient in wet forests of Costa Rica |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Apdo. 22-3100, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica;2. Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, Campus San Pedro, Apdo. 10138-1000, San José, Costa Rica;3. Escuela de Química, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica;1. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, C. P. 486, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Microbiología Aplicada y Biotecnología, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Argentina;3. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88034-001, Santa Catarina, Brazil;4. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Microbiologia (LAPEM), Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Bahia, Brazil;1. Southwest Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 250 E. Valencia Road, Tucson, AZ 85706, United States;2. Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, United States;3. School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States;4. Biomedical Sciences Program, College of Health Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, United States;5. Department of Biology, University of North Carolina-Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, United States;1. Dept of Biology, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, 78212, USA;2. Dept of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA;3. The Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic, CO, 81224, USA;4. Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA |
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| Abstract: | We collected various plant species along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 400 to 2900 m in tropical wet forests of Costa Rica, isolated the associated endophytic fungi, and performed bioinformatic analyses to determine whether changes in altitude are related to changes in their richness and community structure. We showed that the richness of endophytic fungi varied along the altitudinal gradient, being higher in the lowest stratum and decreasing as elevation increases. Each stratum presented a particular composition and diversity of endophytes, although the whole population was characterized by the presence of a few dominant and apparently ubiquitous species, coexisting with a number of less abundant species that presented a more limited host range. These results have important implications for better understanding the role of altitude on the distribution and composition of endophytic fungal populations in tropical forests, but also for maximizing the number and diversity of endophytic isolates in bioprospecting campaigns. |
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| Keywords: | Fungal endophytes Altitude Biodiversity Tropical wet forest Braulio Carrillo Costa Rica |
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