Specificity and localised distribution of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil may contribute to co-existence of orchid species |
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| Institution: | 1. KU Leuven, Campus De Nayer, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management (PME&BIM), B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium;2. KU Leuven, Department of Biology, Ecology, Evolution, and Biodiversity Conservation, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium;1. Systematic Botany and Mycology, University of Munich (LMU), Munich 80680, Germany;2. INRA Montpellier, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France;3. University of Montpellier 2, UMR DIADE, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34 095 Montpellier, France;1. Evolution, Ecology and Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia;2. Kings Park and Botanic Garden, West Perth 6005, Western Australia, Australia;3. School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Western Australia, Australia;4. Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia;5. Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 5771, Albany 6332, Western Australia, Australia;1. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, 66177-1-5175 Sanandaj, Iran;2. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, 38156-8-8349 Arak, Iran;1. Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China;2. Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica, CRILAR- CONICET, Entre Ríos y Mendoza, 5301 Anillaco, La Rioja, Argentina;2. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Labardén 200, San Isidro, B1642HYD, Buenos Aires, Argentina;1. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution (UMR 7205 ISYEB), CP 50, 45 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France;2. School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01 Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | Co-occurring orchid species tend to occupy different areas and associate with different mycorrhizal fungi, suggesting that orchid mycorrhizal (OrM) fungi may be unevenly distributed within the soil and, therefore, impact the aboveground spatial distribution of orchids. To test this hypothesis, we investigated spatial variations in the community of potential OrM associates within the roots of three co-habitating orchid species (Anacamptis morio, Gymnadenia conopsea, and Orchis mascula) and the surrounding soil in an orchid-rich calcareous grassland in Southern Belgium using 454 amplicon pyrosequencing. Putative OrM fungi were broadly distributed in the soil, although variations in community composition were strongly related to the proximal host plant. The diversity and frequency of sequences corresponding to OrM fungi in the soil declined with increasing distance from orchid plants, suggesting that the clustered distribution of orchid species may to some extent be explained by the localised distribution of species-specific mycorrhizal associates. |
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| Keywords: | Fungal community analysis Mycorrhizae Next generation sequencing Orchidaceae Soil fungi Spatial distribution |
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