9 种海洋硅藻挥发性成分的比较分析

采用顶空固相微萃取气相色谱一质谱联用技术，通过SIMCA．P分析软件，对硅藻门下处于生长平台后期的9种海洋硅藻的挥发性成分进行比较分析研究。结果表明：在平台后期硅藻的挥发性成分中，醛类物质的含量和种类占据了很大的优势，壬醛、2，4-辛二烯醛、2-己烯醛、2-壬烯醛、2，4-庚二烯醛等是硅藻挥发性成分的主要构成物质，十四烷、十五烷、1-十五烯、十六烷等烷烃类是硅藻中含量仅次于醛类物质的挥发性成分，3，5-辛烯基-3-酮等短链酮类和1-辛烯基-3-醇是硅藻中含量较高的酮类和醇类物质，9种硅藻中均检测二甲基硫的存在。差异性较大的挥发性物质主要有壬醛、8-十七碳烯、1-戊烯．3．酮、1-己烯-3．醇、2，6-二甲基一苯酚，它们决定了不同的硅藻有着各自不同的风味。研究结果表明这些挥发性物质对硅藻的饵料价值、养殖生物的肉质风味、水环境的异味形成有着重要意义。

Comparative analysis of volatile components in nine species of marine diatoms

The volatile components in nine species of marine diatom staying in stationary phase were concentrated by head space solid- phase micro-extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Integral components of peak area for different diatoms were analyzed by the SIMCA-P software. The results showed that in all of the volatile components the content and types of aldehydes occupied a great advantage in all components. Nonanal, 2,4-oetadienal, 2-hexenal, 2-nonenal and 2,4-heptadienal were the main components in ma- rine diatom. The content of some alkanes such as tetradeeane, pentadecane 1 -pentadecene, hexadecane was only less than that of alde- hydes. 3,5-octene-3-one and 1-octene-3-ol were the most common short-chain ketones and alcohols. The sulfur-containing compounds, dimethyl sulfide was also detected in all diatom. The volatile components like 8-heptadecene, 1-penten-3-one, l-hexyl-3-ol and 2,6- dimethyl phenol had great differences which determine the unique flavor of 9 marine diatom.